Tree Topology: Advantages and Disadvantages

Tree Topology: Advantages and Disadvantages INTRODUCTION Network Topology is a systematic layout of nodes over a network. This layout also determines the manner in which information is exchanged within the network. Tree topology is the combination of the bus and the star topology. Tree topology allows users to have many servers on the network. Tree topology follows a hierarchical pattern whereby each level is connected to the next higher level in a symmetrical pattern. It connects multiple star topologies to other star topology network. Tree topology is the best when the network is large and not for a small network because it is a waste of cables to use it. Tree topology has some features such as: Three levels of hierarchy: In a tree topology network topology there are three levels of hierarchy and work together based on the root network. Two types of topology: Tree topology is the combination of star and bus topology. There are some considerations when choosing a topology which are: Money: The user should look if the topology is costly or not. Length of the cable needed. Type of cable to be used in the topology. BACKGROUND STUDY Merits mean advantages or benefits of an object and Demerits means disadvantage or limitation of an object. MERITS OF TREE TOPOLOGY HIGHLY FLEXIBLE: In tree topology computers can be added by simply adding a hub in a network topology. CENTRALISED MONITORING: It makes users to control and manage a larger network easily and also it is easy to reconfigure the tree topology. COMPUTERS HAVE ACCESS: Because tree topology is a large network, all computers have better access to the network. POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION: In tree topology each computer is connected to the hub and also each part of a network is connected to the main cable. Tree topology is supported by many hardware and software venders. In tree topology it is easy to add a computer by simply extending using cables to connect computers. DEMERITS OF TREE TOPOLOGY 3.2.1SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE: In tree topology, if the backbone of the entire network breaks both part of the network may not communicate to each other but a part of the network continues to communicate alone. 3.2.2 DIFFICULT TO CONFIGURE: It is difficult to configure tree topology because is a large topology and also wiring the network is difficult. 3.2.3 In tree topology, the length of the network is limited by the type of cable to be used on the network. 3.3 USAGE OF TREE TOPOLOGY According to www.google.com, tree topology has some usage such as: 3.3.1 It is easy to identify the system in the network and also connect to a larger network. 3.3.2 To share information across a larger network. 3.3.3 Tree topology allows the users to have many servers on the network. 3.3.4 Tree topology reduces network traffic. CONCLUSION Tree topology is the combination of star and bus topology. This topology is best to be used on larger network. The tree topology has some advantages such as it is highly flexible, centralized monitoring and point-to-point connection and the disadvantages of this topology is that it is difficult to configure, there is a single point of failure. Tree topology is used to identify the system on the network, to share information across network and allows users to have many servers on the network. Tree topology is the best topology because the signals that are transmitted by the root nodes are received by all the computers at the same time. APPENDIX The figure below shows a structure of a tree topology. The above figure indicate that if the main cable breaks the entire network would not be able to communicate to each other but a part of the network communicate and if the hub breaks in part of the network that will affect that part. REFERENCE Douglas.E.Comer (2006), Computer Networks and Internet, Department of Computer Science Purdue University, Westhafayette. Tom.S.ed., 2001. Encyclopedia of Networking and Telecommunications Tate McGraw Hill. http://www.computerhope.com [accessed on the 10 July 2009 at 1030hrs]. http://www.google.com [accessed on the 13 July 2009 at 1234hrs] http://www.novell.com [accessed on the 10 July 2009 at 1200hrs]

Management 1st Year Assignment

Wakaberry Assignment Anthony Smit SN: 2011041007 Section A: Question 1 1. 1. ) a) Social and cultural forces from the macro-environment should be taken into account and a variable from the macro-environment that has influenced the Wakaberry business is the Healthier Lifestyle variable. People today are more health conscious than ever. This has influenced Wakaberry to create yoghurt that is 98% fat free. The impact of this variable is shown from this excerpt in the case study: â€Å"Wakaberry offers 100% REAL frozen yogurt, which is 98% fat free; perfect for health-conscious consumers. † 1. ) b) Another macro-environment variable that has influenced the Wakaberry business is that of the Technological Environment. Technology is improving constantly and new products and services are born at an astounding rate. Wakaberry’s usage of the technologies from Foshan Taike Refrigerant Technology Company shows this. This technology is a unique self-service machine in every store. T he impact of this variable is shown from this excerpt in the case study: â€Å"Wakaberry has developed a competitive advantage by strategically forming an alliance with Foshan Taike Refrigerant Technology Co. o incorporate the unique self-service machinery in all stores. † 1. 2) a) An element of the market environment that has influenced Wakaberry is the competition between product forms. They have given consumers the ability to customize their products to their liking giving them the power over their product form. This influence from the market environment forced them to use something original to increase their competitive advantage.The impact of this variable is shown from this excerpt in the case study: â€Å"These machines allow consumers to be in full control of their own creations and providing the company with an opportunity to cater to consumer’s needs, thereby creating a unique store experience. † 1. 2) b) Another element from the market environment tha t influenced Wakaberry is the competition between the needs of consumers. This completion of needs of consumers has led Wakaberry to aggressively promote their product where they are situated trying to influence consumers to buy their product.The impact of this variable is shown from this excerpt in the case study: â€Å"The business has been very creative in tempting consumers to try the Wakaberry flavours, by offering free samples and product pamphlets outside various stores and at special events. In addition, to encourage purchases, first-time customers are provided with a 10 % discount†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2) Wakaberry operates in a Monopolistic competition market structure. There are many sellers, many buyers and no entry barriers but it is monopolistic and not perfect because the basic product is set – frozen yoghurt.The reason this market structure was chosen is because there are many firms with a small proportion of the market share with slightly differentiated products. Th e following excerpt from the case study prove this: â€Å"In order to stand out amongst the many yogurt and ice-cream providers in the industry, including the likes of Fresko, Marcel’s, Nanci’s and Yogurtiamo†(large market)†¦ â€Å"In addition, the business offers a wide variety of toppings and flavours, at an appealing price†. This links to differentiation) 3) a) The first skill I think that would be required for the tasks is Interpersonal skills. This refers to the person’s ability to communicate with, understand and motivate others and is thus of paramount importance for sufficiently completing this task set out in the case study: â€Å"Interact with staff members and Bloemfontein customers, ensuring that all involved with Wakaberry feel part and parcel of the ‘Waka’ family. b) The second skill I think that would be required is technical skills. This refers having knowledge of the matter at hand. In this case it could be knowl edge of the product and all or the relevant labour positions on the floor (cashier, store assistant, brand promoter). This skill would thus be important to effectively completing the following task set out in the case study: â€Å"Training of the new store staff including; cashiers, store assistants and brand promoters. †

Dentist: Dentistry and Dental School

Dentists There are many different careers out there. Dentistry is a career that requires more training than others. There is a wide variety of different specialties that one can do in dentistry, but the majority of dentists are general practitioners. On average, general dentists in South Carolina make about $137,400 a year (Dentists). In order to become a dentist in South Carolina, you are required to graduate and attain a dentistry license. Dentists must be able to do different tasks throughout the day and work with many people.To become a dentist, one must attend dental school which usually takes four years beyond undergraduate college. You may graduate with a degree as a doctor of dental surgery or a doctor of dental medicine. The admittance requirements for dental school vary based on each school. Some of the more common requirements include: at least three or four years of college and at least a GPA of 3. 5 (Dental Schools Ranked by GPA). It is not mandatory to have a Bachelor o f Science degree, however, it is encouraged.Some dental schools require you to take certain science classes such as, chemistry (organic, inorganic and biochemistry), mathematics, physics, biology, and psychology. Before you apply to a dental school, you must pass the Dental Admission Test. The DAT measures your scientific knowledge, reading comprehension, and reasoning skills. After graduating from dental school, you have the option of specialty training. Specialty training is offered at many schools and normally takes about two more years beyond dental school. About one-fourth to one-third of new graduates enroll in postgraduate training programs to prepare for a dental specialty† (Henderson). Some dental school graduates start out working as associates for established dentists. They usually work for them for about a year or two while gaining experience. Others purchase or open up a practice immediately after graduation. Many aspiring dentists also receive additional experien ce by working in clinics affiliated with the school. Another way dental school students may receive experience would be through internship.While interning for a practice, they are able to get used to the physical demands and everyday tasks of a dentist. Dentists should be trained to offer a wide variety of professional services. They should be able to aid gum inflammation, tooth decay, chipped, infected or broken teeth. It is important for a dentist to be able to stand and keep their hand steady for a long period of time. They must â€Å"develop a gentle touch† for the comfort of their patient (Field). This gentle touch will also help them when they have to perform root canals, remove teeth, or corrective surgery on the gums.They should also be able to determine the difference between shades of color and brightness. Dentists are exposed to diseases and infections carried by patients on a daily basis. For this reason, it is important for them to wear protective gear when worki ng. I researched this career because I hope to become a Pediatric Dentist someday. I plan on going to college and majoring in psychology and biology and then going to dental school. My uncle is a dentist and has inspired me to become one. He is very successful and loves his job. Hopefully one day I can become successful and love my job just like my uncle.

The Cannabis Debate Essay - 5766 Words

The Cannabis Debate The Federal Government of the United States doesnt condone the use of marijuana and any schedule I drugs at the present time, which is any substance that has no current medical use and is a mind altering drug. Under new circumstances in California and Arizona, there is a temporary Bill that has been passed legalizing the schedule I drug for medical use, known as Act 215: Medical use limited to cancer patients and individuals with the disease glaucoma. Individuals that are of consequence are punishable by law and the severity level of punishment is increased from using, to growing, and intent to distribute. Controversy has erupted from the legalization of marijuana for its potential medical, industrial, economic,†¦show more content†¦Moreau when he started using this drug in treatment with psychiatric patients and established a Bohemian society called the Hashian club. This product of mother nature still, captivates the souls of many, and some dedicate their lives to the purs uit of obtaining and enjoying its effects. With modern media forums, aficionados of this mind altering drug have been able to voice their opinions and share with thousands of individuals their experiences. Many tend to invite people into their personal lives and discuss the experiences that they have had with the usage of the drug. Others put material on the web because they think that it fascinates people and trade ideas and neat web sites that they have discovered on their own. Many take sarcastic view-points and others try to encourage others to join in on the phenomena, and discover what they think is one of the greatest pleasures in life. Some sites are debates and others seem to be in total rebellion against the government regulating a crop that mother nature has provided on the earth. Many provide historical references and preach about the possible uses and restrictions on the plant. An example of this is on the High Times web page, The criminalization is a history lesson we all need to learn to truly realize what has happened to our freedom. Remember, it doesnt matter what your opinion is at this point, just know that we all gain as a global community if we can make our governments concede the medical,Show MoreRelatedThe Cannabis Debate2270 Words   |  9 Pages The Cannabis debate is a recurring theme that finds itself under the spotlight in British politics and public discussion. The reasons for the current legal status of Cannabis are largely misinformed. Politicians often assume that their predecessors had good reasons for arriving at their assessment of Cannabis, and are therefore reluctant to change the existing status. Yet Cannabis prohibition emerged from debates and legislation directed at Opium. The view subscribed by David Musto thatRead Mor eThe Cannabis Debate Essay examples3978 Words   |  16 PagesThe Cannabis Debate The cannabis debate has never been a straightforward one. At the beginning of the 21st century, perceptions and preconceptions about cannabis and its uses have never been more blurred. Some see cannabis as a menace to society whilst others see it as a useful source of fibre, food and medicine. Doctors and scientists spend millions investigating its medicinal value yet for every positive piece of research, there is a negative. (Brownlee, 2003) Read MoreLegalisation Debate1280 Words   |  6 PagesShould cannabis be legalised in Australia?   Your response should provide a considered discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of both legalisation and criminalisation, which shows evidence of wide and varied reading. Cannabis, through the decades has changed dramatically from being an ancient herbal medicine to an illicit drug. Cannabis originated from Central Asia and was used as a healing agent, during rituals and as a spiritual euphoria. However, in most western countries this drug hasRead MoreThe Policy Design For Recreational Cannabis Model769 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical purposes (in all of its forms) (33 cases). 3. Design stage 3.1 Policy design for recreational cannabis model The main goal pursued by the legalization policies is to convert marijuana in a tradable commodity, under similar conditions and treatment given to alcohol and tobacco. In this sense, the policy approach is mainly directed to market development. The full legalization of cannabis in Colorado, Washington, Oregon and Alaska (as well as the district of Columbia), is a recent phenomenonRead MoreThe Legalization Of Medicinal Marijuana1382 Words   |  6 PagesVictorian Government s Access to Medicinal Cannabis Bill 2015 (12th April 2016) and passed by the Victorian Parliament. This is the beginning of â€Å"the process of enabling patients to access medicinal cannabis.† In spite of this forward move, the debate still rages. There are valid and significant stances about whether marijuana should be legalised for medicinal purposes. Marijuana, better known as â€Å"cannabis†, is a psychotropic drug. Medicinal cannabis is known to have 400 chemicals, and these chemicalsRead Mo reIs Cannabis Dangerous? This Particular Issue Has Been Discussed,1291 Words   |  6 PagesIs cannabis dangerous? This particular issue has been discussed, contemplated, and argued in several settings throughout our country’s history, but it is a particularly prominent issue in today’s society. Many individuals have their own opinions on marijuana, whether it be positive or negative, but an objective perspective is necessary to justly weigh the benefits and detriments of marijuana use and legalization. When an unbiased person analyzes the controversial topic of cannabis, he or she wouldRead MoreMarijuana Should Be Legal For Medical Use Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesdefine what historically is known about the medicinal benefits of cannabis. Then I will describe recreational use of marijuana and the acute effects it has. I will then examine the laws of my home state of Illinois on the legalization of medicinal marijuana and the amounts allowed to be dispensed to a p atient. Lastly I will provide my position on marijuana and support my stand with a solution from a scholarly source. Medicinal The debate over the legalization of marijuana is a hot topic. The firstRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesmarijuana. Constructive debate of these issues continues with disadvantages because of a lack of empirical tests designed to account for marijuana use (Ginsberg and Greenley, 1978). Mexican migrant workers offered cannabis to Americans as a source of relaxation during the 1900s (U.S. Department of Justice, 1972). Cannabis has passed through the gauntlet from medication to an illicit drug and back again. A medication guide for doctors published in 1907, states, â€Å"Specific cannabis is an agent to controlRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesrecent discovery, but the mysteries surrounding the controversial topic in question remains to be disputed since its prohibition. Classified as an illegal substance, cannabis has been restricted in Canada and around the world. Marijuana is a complex drug and its contradictory claims of medical purposes, and harmful destruction, fuel the debate on whether or not the legal constraints of consuming marijuana should be reconsidered. In consideration of academic journals and news article, citizen welfare, economyRead MoreEssay about Should We Legalize Marijuana in Canada?1081 Words   |  5 PagesTo Legalize or to Not Legalize: The Debate Behind Marijuana in Canada The legalization of marijuana is an issue that consistently discussed and debated, not only in North America, but throughout the entire world. Despite being illegal in every country, marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the world. The popularity of this drug is the cause for the continuous legalization debate, resulting in various legislations pertaining to the consumption of the substance. Every country has